Cubist, a security-focused Web3 infrastructure provider, has announced the general availability (GA) and production use of Cubist Confidential Cloud Functions (C2F). This platform integrates the privacy and speed of off-chain logic with the security guarantees of on-chain contracts, enabling developers to execute sensitive, compute-intensive, and cross-chain logic privately, thereby establishing a new foundation for private smart contracts and verifiable off-chain code.
As Web3 applications increase in complexity, developers frequently encounter a dilemma: either perform all operations on-chain, accepting high costs, limited performance, and complete data visibility, or shift logic off-chain, which compromises the guarantees of a smart contract. C2F addresses this by allowing developers to run compute-heavy, sensitive, and custom code within tamper-proof hardware at scale and across multiple chains. Developers can write code incorporating private data, external API calls, real-time market feeds, or sensitive business logic using familiar programming languages and deploy it via their existing CI/CD pipelines. Each execution is contained within a secure Trusted Execution Environment (TEE), which prevents code alteration or influence by the host system and maintains complete privacy.
C2F facilitates the creation of private smart contracts, which enforce contract-like rules off-chain at a lower cost, with an optional privacy feature for signing logic. This logic is inherently chain-agnostic, allowing teams to develop complex applications once and deploy them widely, or to coordinate activities across multiple chains, even those without native smart contract support. Currently, C2F-powered private smart contracts are being used for instant multi-chain swaps, private compliance-aware tokenization, programmable escrows, and on-chain settlement logic.
Additionally, C2F enables verifiable off-chain computation, offering verifiable evidence to regulators, partners, or internal teams regarding code execution. This verifiable off-chain code can be positioned before critical actions or decision points, providing a clear audit trail of the logic that authorized an action. This capability supports the development of institutional-grade controls, automated liquidation and repayment systems, and proactive risk engines responsive to real-time data, all with verifiable audit trails.
Leading Web3 teams are leveraging C2F for both private smart contracts and verifiable off-chain code. One such implementation includes Squid’s newest version of its Cross-Chain Order Routing and Auction Layer (CORAL).
Fig, Co-Founder of Squid, a cross-chain liquidity provider, stated, “We’re thrilled to partner with Cubist to supercharge Squid’s cross-chain liquidity network. By leveraging Cubist Confidential Cloud Functions, we’ve replaced on-chain smart contracts with private, off-chain logic, enabling sub-second swaps across EVM, non-EVM, and even non-smart contract chains like Bitcoin, all with higher reliability and better pricing. We chose Cubist for their unmatched security and non-custodial standards, ensuring we advance next-gen crypto tech while upholding decentralization. I’m excited for our ongoing collaboration, delivering seamless solutions for institutions and retail users alike.”
Fraser Brown, Cubist Co-Founder and CTO, commented, “Web3 has opened up exciting possibilities across finance and beyond, yet developers are still constrained by tools that force them to choose between transparency and privacy, or between trust and performance. C2F is different: it’s live today, built specifically for the demands of production systems, and already enabling teams to build what simply wasn’t possible before – from enforcing smart-contract logic on chains that don’t support smart contracts, to applying custom, auditable signing rules to high-value transactions. We’re proud to be the first to deliver this solution in production and look forward to making off-chain logic enforcement a standard part of every Web3 tech stack.”
C2F is now generally available and integrates with CubeSigner, Cubist’s secure-by-design, non-custodial key storage and signing infrastructure, as well as existing key management platforms.
Cubist, founded in 2022, is a key management infrastructure company supported by investors including Polychain, dao5, Blizzard, and Paxos. Its founders include a former fintech COO and professors from Carnegie Mellon University and the University of California San Diego, who have authored over 90 peer-reviewed papers related to security. Members of the Cubist team have contributed to cryptography specifications for platforms like Ethereum and Avalanche, developed fine-grained isolation in Firefox, identified vulnerabilities in Google Chrome and Linux, and built automated reasoning tools used by companies such as Amazon and Certora.
